Mortgage FAQ’s

Answers to the most common mortgage questions — explained by one of Brampton’s most trusted mortgage brokers.

Mortgages can feel complicated, but the right advice makes everything clearer. As one of Brampton’s top mortgage brokers, Rakhi Madan helps you understand your options, qualify with confidence, and make smart decisions for your future. Whether you’re buying your first home, renewing, or refinancing, these FAQs answer the questions clients ask most — in plain language, with expert insights that help you move forward with clarity and confidence.

Table Of Contents

Click on each heading below to jump down to that section.

Section 1 – Working with a Mortgage Broker

Section 2 – Mortgage Basics

Section 3 – Mortgage Pre-Approval & Buying

Section 4 – Mortgage Options & Strategy

Section 5 – Specialized Mortgage Situations

Section 6 – Mortgage Closing & Costs

Still have questions?

Every mortgage is different — and that’s where Rakhi’s experience makes all the difference. Whether you’re buying, refinancing, or renewing, she’ll help you compare real options, plan ahead, and move forward with confidence.
Contact Rakhi Madan, a trusted mortgage broker in Brampton, to get personalized advice and a mortgage strategy that truly fits your goals.

Section 1: Working with a Mortgage Broker

What does a mortgage broker do?

A mortgage broker is your trusted advisor and advocate throughout the home financing journey — someone who works for you, not any one bank. Instead of offering a single product line, Rakhi compares hundreds of options from banks, credit unions, and broker-only lenders to find the mortgage that fits your goals and your budget.

But the value goes far beyond rate shopping. Rakhi helps you strengthen your mortgage application — from credit-improvement strategies to choosing the right features like prepayment flexibility, portability, and penalty protection. She guides you through qualification, negotiation, and approval, saving you time, stress, and costly mistakes along the way.

And when a bank says no, a broker often has access to alternative and specialty lenders who can make difficult deals work. From your first pre-approval to renewal, Rakhi’s role is to make sure you get the best mortgage for your situation — not just the easiest one to find.

Is it better to use a mortgage broker or a bank in Brampton?

A bank can only offer its own products — one set of rates, rules, and approval criteria. A mortgage broker opens the door to the entire lending marketplace, including broker-exclusive lenders and special programs that most banks never mention.

For Brampton buyers and homeowners, that access — paired with expert strategy — can make all the difference. Rakhi knows how local property values, lender policies, and borrower profiles intersect, and she uses that insight to position your application for the best approval and rate possible.

There’s also the matter of consistency and care. When you work with a bank, you likely won’t get the same level of expertise, and turnover is common. With Rakhi, you get one constant advisor who knows your history, your goals, and your next step. She offers ongoing service, communication, and proactive advice through renewals, refinances, and life changes.

What’s the difference between a mortgage broker and a mortgage agent?

A mortgage broker is licensed to operate their own brokerage and supervise mortgage agents, while a mortgage agent is licensed to work under a broker. Both can help you secure a mortgage and have access to the same lenders — the difference lies mainly in licensing and responsibility. To become a broker, an agent must complete an additional licensing course and meet experience requirements.

When you work with Rakhi, you benefit from that higher level of accreditation, hands-on expertise, and the ability to oversee every detail of your mortgage from start to finish.

Section 2: Mortgage Basics

How much down payment do I need to buy a home in Canada?
  • Up to a $500,000 purchase: 5% of the home’s value
  • A purchase of $500,000–$1,499,999: 5% of the first $500,000 + 10% of the remainder
  • Purchases of $1,500,000 or more: 20% minimum (no mortgage default insurance available)
  • Rental/investment: typically, 20%+
    Gifted down payments from immediate family are often allowed with documentation. Closing costs are extra.

Default insurance premium applies when the down payment is <20% (it’s generally added to the mortgage).

Insured purchases (≤ $1.5M) have a maximum 25-year amortization — except for first-time buyers or those purchasing a newly built home, who can qualify for up to 30 years, making payments more affordable.

What is mortgage default insurance, and what’s the difference between CMHC, Sagen, and Canada Guaranty?

Mortgage default insurance (also called mortgage loan insurance) protects the lender — not the borrower — if the borrower stops making payments. It’s required when your down payment is less than 20% of the purchase price and is not available for purchases $1.5 million plus.

The borrower pays the insurance premium, which can either be paid upfront or, more commonly, added to the mortgage and paid over time as part of your regular payments. The cost depends on the size of your down payment — the smaller the down payment, the higher the premium.

Canada has three approved mortgage insurers: CMHC, Sagen, and Canada Guaranty. Each follows similar qualification rules but may differ in fine print — for example, how they treat self-employed income, gifted down payments, or property types.

Rakhi works with all three insurers and understands their unique guidelines. She’ll match your file to the insurer most likely to approve your application and ensure your mortgage is structured for a smooth approval and long-term success.

Can I use gifted funds for my down payment?

Yes — most lenders allow down-payment gifts from immediate family members, as long as you provide a signed gift letter confirming the funds don’t need to be repaid and show a 90-day account history of the funds. Rakhi will help ensure the documentation meets insurer and lender rules.

Can I use a co-signer or guarantor to qualify for a mortgage?

Yes. A co-signer or guarantor can help strengthen your application if you’re facing challenges with income, credit, or debt ratios. In most cases, a co-signer is added to both the mortgage and the property title to help meet qualification requirements, while a guarantor supports the mortgage without being on title.

Co-signing is common among parents helping children buy their first home or families combining incomes to qualify for a larger purchase. Rakhi will review your situation and recommend the best structure — ensuring both parties understand their obligations, how liability is shared, and how to plan for future removal when it’s no longer needed.

How much can I afford?

Affordability depends on income, debt, and how comfortably you want your payments to fit your lifestyle — not just what the lender says. As a general guide, lenders like to see total housing costs (mortgage, taxes, heat, and condo fees if applicable) stay around 32% of gross income, and total debt payments under 40–44%.

But these are only guidelines. Factors like your credit score, down payment, and stress test rate all matter. Rakhi will help you calculate your true comfort zone and design a pre-approval strategy that balances qualification with real-life affordability — so you know exactly what you can buy and still breathe easy each month.

What credit score is required for a mortgage in Canada?

Most prime lenders prefer a credit score of 680 or higher — the higher, the better for rate and approval options. But that’s not the whole story. Many Canadians qualify with scores below 680 at a higher rate or using insured or alternative programs designed for unique situations.

If your score isn’t where you want it to be, Rakhi can help you strengthen your profile before you apply. She’ll review your credit report, explain what impacts your score most, and share practical, lender-focused steps to improve it — often in just a few months. The goal is not just to get approved, but to qualify for the best rate possible.

What documents do I need for approval?

Every mortgage application starts with documentation that verifies identity, income, assets, and debts. You’ll typically need:

  • Government-issued ID
  • Proof of income (recent pay stubs, T4s, or employment letter)
  • For self-employed: business financials or bank statements
  • Proof of down payment (a 90-day history of funds)
  • Recent bank statements and details of any loans or credit cards

Rakhi’s team reviews everything upfront so your file is complete, accurate, and ready for quick lender approval — reducing surprises and delays once your offer is accepted.

What is the mortgage stress test?

The mortgage stress test is a federal rule that ensures borrowers can afford their payments even if interest rates rise. When you apply for a mortgage, lenders must qualify you using the higher of:

  • The Minimum Qualifying Rate (MQR) set by federal regulators, or
  • Your contract rate plus 2%.

You don’t actually pay this higher rate — it’s used only to test your financial resilience. The goal is to prevent borrowers from becoming overextended if rates increase.

Rakhi helps clients understand how the stress test affects their borrowing power and uses strategies such as adjusting the down payment, reducing debt, or choosing a lender with flexible guidelines to maximize approval while keeping monthly payments comfortable.

What is the First Home Savings Account (FHSA)?

The FHSA lets first-time buyers contribute up to $8,000 per year (to a lifetime max of $40,000) toward a home purchase. Contributions are tax-deductible, and withdrawals for a qualifying home are tax-free. Rakhi helps clients integrate their FHSA, RRSP Home Buyers’ Plan, and savings strategy to maximize their buying power and minimize tax impact.

Can I use the FHSA and the RRSP Home Buyers’ Plan together?

Yes. You can combine tax-deductible FHSA contributions and tax-free withdrawals with the HBP to boost your down payment.

What other government incentives can help first-time buyers?

Beyond the FHSA and RRSP Home Buyers’ Plan, first-time buyers may qualify for programs like land transfer tax rebates (federal and Ontario), first-time home buyer tax credit, and the GST/HST new housing rebate. Rakhi explains how to combine multiple programs for the best results.

Section 3: Mortgage Pre-Approval & Buying

What is a mortgage pre-approval (and why do I need one)?

A mortgage pre-approval is your first step toward buying a home with confidence. It shows how much you can borrow, what rate you may qualify for, and what your estimated payments will be — all before you start house hunting.

A pre-approval provides a rate hold (typically 90 to 120 days), protecting you if rates rise while you search for a home. It also helps you focus your home search within the right price range and makes your offer more competitive to sellers.

Rakhi uses the pre-approval process to go beyond the numbers — reviewing your credit, income, and debt profile to identify ways to improve your approval strength or qualify for a better rate when it’s time to buy.

Can I get a mortgage pre-approval if I’m self-employed?

Yes. Lenders may use your tax returns, business financials, or bank statements to verify income. Rakhi helps you present your file clearly — ensuring your pre-approval reflects your true earning power, not just what’s on paper.

What do I need for a mortgage pre-approval?

A pre-approval confirms what you can afford and may secure a rate hold for up to 120 days. To get started, you’ll need:

  • Income and employment verification
  • Proof of down payment
  • Consent for a credit check (soft or hard pull, depending on the lender)

Rakhi uses your pre-approval not just to set your budget, but to fine-tune your strategy — ensuring your file meets lender expectations and is positioned for a smooth full approval when you find the right property.

How long does mortgage approval take?

Once your documents are ready, pre-approvals often take 24–72 hours. For a full approval (with a property offer), the process can take longer, depending on appraisal timing, if necessary, and lender volume. Rakhi coordinates directly with lenders, appraisers, and lawyers to keep your file moving and ensure your approval stays on schedule.

How long does a mortgage pre-approval and rate hold last?

Most mortgage pre-approvals and rate holds are valid for 90 to 120 days, depending on the lender. This means your rate is protected while you shop for a home — if rates rise, you keep your lower rate, and if they fall, Rakhi ensures you benefit from the reduction before closing.

If your home search takes longer, your pre-approval can be renewed with updated documents and credit. Rakhi monitors expiry dates, communicates with lenders, and keeps your file current so you stay fully prepared to act quickly when you find the right property.

Can I add renovation costs to my mortgage?

Yes. With a Purchase Plus Improvements mortgage, you can include approved renovation costs in your mortgage. The funds are advanced after the work is completed and verified by the lender.
Rakhi helps you set a clear renovation scope, gather quotes, and ensure the lender approves the improvements before closing — so you can move in and upgrade your new home seamlessly.

What if I buy first and sell later—do I need bridge financing?

Possibly. Bridge financing covers the gap between purchase and sale closing, so your down payment is available on time. Rakhi confirms eligibility, calculates costs, and aligns closing dates to keep cash flow smooth.

Section 4: Mortgage Options & Strategy

Fixed vs. Variable: What’s the difference?

A fixed-rate mortgage locks in your rate and payments for the full term — perfect if you value stability and predictability.

A variable-rate mortgage is tied to the lender’s prime rate, so payments or amortization can adjust as the Bank of Canada moves rates.

The right choice depends on your risk tolerance, flexibility needs, and financial goals. Rakhi helps you compare not just rates, but the bigger picture — potential savings, prepayment flexibility, and how each option aligns with your comfort level and plans.

How do I choose the right mortgage term (1–5 years)?

Your term affects both your rate and your flexibility.

  • Shorter terms (1–3 years) can offer lower rates and flexibility to renew sooner if the market shifts.
  • Longer terms (4–5 years) offer payment stability and protection from unexpected rate increases.

Rakhi helps you choose the term that fits your plans — whether you expect to move, renovate, or simply want peace of mind knowing your payments are predictable for years to come.

What’s the difference between mortgage term and amortization?

Your term is how long your rate and conditions are locked in — usually 1 to 5 years. Your amortization is the total time to pay off the mortgage, typically 25 or 30 years. You’ll renew several times during the amortization period until the loan is fully paid off.

Can I pay off my mortgage early?

Yes — but check your lender’s prepayment rules. You can usually pay up to 10–20% of your original balance each year without penalty. Paying more than that may trigger a prepayment charge, so Rakhi ensures your strategy saves interest while avoiding unnecessary fees.

How can I pay my mortgage off faster (without penalties)?

Prepayment privileges, accelerated payments, and smart renewal timing can shave years off your mortgage — and save thousands in interest.

Most lenders allow lump-sum payments (often 10–20% annually) and the ability to increase regular payments without penalty.

Rakhi will help you understand your lender’s rules and build a payment plan that fits your cash flow while helping you reach your goals faster.

Can I refinance to access my home equity?

Yes — as home equity increases, many homeowners do. You can typically access up to 80% of your home’s appraised value, subject to qualification.

Refinancing can help you pay off high-interest debt, fund renovations, invest, or help family with a down payment.

Rakhi evaluates all your options — including whether a refinance, second mortgage, or HELOC might serve you better — and helps you structure it smartly.

HELOC vs. Refinance: What’s the difference?

A HELOC (Home Equity Line of Credit) is a revolving credit line secured by your home. You can borrow as needed and pay interest only on what you use — ideal for ongoing projects or variable expenses.

A refinance replaces your existing mortgage with a new one, often with a different term, rate type (fixed or variable), or amortization period. It’s a powerful way to access home equity in a lump sum, secure a lower rate, or adjust your payments — whether to reduce monthly costs, pay off your mortgage faster, or simplify debt — so your mortgage better aligns with your financial goals.

If you refinance before your term ends, you’ll usually pay a prepayment charge; refinancing at renewal can often avoid that cost.

Rakhi compares both for you, showing how each impacts cash flow, interest costs, and flexibility — so you can choose the structure that truly fits your goals.

Switch vs. Refinance: Which is better for me?

A switch (or transfer) moves your existing balance to a new lender — at renewal — to access a better rate or improved terms without increasing your loan amount.

A refinance goes a step further, changing your balance, term, or amortization. It’s often used to consolidate debt, access equity, or lower monthly payments.

Rakhi helps you weigh both — ensuring any change truly supports your financial goals, not just short-term savings.

What penalties apply if I break my mortgage early?

If you break your mortgage early, your lender will charge a prepayment charge — typically three months’ interest for variable rates or the Interest Rate Differential (IRD) for fixed rates.

Before making changes, Rakhi will help you determine your exact penalty and explore whether blending, porting, or restructuring could reduce or eliminate it — saving you unnecessary cost.

Can I port or transfer my mortgage to a new home?

Yes, many lenders allow porting — transferring your existing rate and term to a new property within a set timeframe. If you need a larger mortgage, you may be able to blend your current rate with the new rate on the additional funds.

Before you list or buy, Rakhi helps you review your lender’s specific rules and timelines, so your move is smooth, penalty-free, and financially smart.

What should I do at mortgage renewal — switch or stay?

Never auto-renew without comparing. Your current lender’s first offer is rarely their best. Switching lenders at renewal can often mean a better rate, more flexible features, or lower penalties — and it typically comes at no cost to you.

Rakhi shops the market for you before renewal, reviewing new terms, better options, and potential savings so you can make a confident decision.

What happens if my mortgage is coming up for renewal and rates are higher?

If your mortgage is renewing in the next 6–12 months, Rakhi can start rate-shopping now. Many lenders offer early renewal or blend-and-extend options to protect you from future increases. She’ll help you model different scenarios — fixed vs variable, shorter terms, or even refinancing — to minimize payment shock and maintain financial comfort.

Section 5: Specialized Mortgage Situations

I’m self-employed — can I get a mortgage?

Absolutely. Self-employed borrowers have unique income documentation, and Rakhi specializes in these types of files and acts as your advocate with the lender.

Lenders can assess your income using tax returns, business financials, or bank statements, depending on your situation.

Rakhi works with lenders who understand business-for-self clients and can structure your approval to reflect your real income, not just what’s on paper — often at very competitive rates.

What if I have high debt or past credit issues?

Don’t assume you’ll be declined. Lenders look at the full picture — not just your score. Rakhi works with clients rebuilding credit or carrying higher debt to create a qualifying strategy, whether through paying down specific balances, consolidating debt, or using alternative lending programs designed to help borrowers get back on track.

Can I refinance to buy out a spouse or partner after separation?

Yes. Specialized spousal buyout programs allow qualified homeowners to refinance up to 95% of the property’s value to buy out a partner’s share.

Rakhi coordinates the appraisal, legal documentation, and payout process — helping you keep the home in your name and move forward with financial clarity and stability.

Can I get a mortgage for a pre-construction or assignment purchase?

Yes, but it’s more complex than resale financing. Lenders assess your income and credit at the time of closing, not when you sign the purchase agreement — which may be years later. Rakhi reviews your contract, timelines, and deposit structure upfront and helps you plan for rate holds, appraisals, and builder extensions, so your financing is ready when it counts.

Can I get a mortgage with a new job?

Yes — as long as your employment is permanent and you’ve started earning income. Some lenders accept an employment letter before your first pay stub, while others may need a few pay cycles. Rakhi helps you find lenders that accommodate career transitions.

Section 6: Mortgage Closing & Costs

What are closing costs, and how much should I set aside?

Closing costs typically range from 1.5% to 4% of your purchase price and cover:

  • Legal fees and disbursements
  • Title insurance
  • Appraisal fees
  • Home inspection (optional)
  • Ontario Land Transfer Tax (Brampton has no additional municipal LTT; Toronto does)

Rakhi reviews these costs early in the process, so you know exactly what to expect — and ensures you’re fully prepared for closing day with no surprises. Remember to also budget for all of your ongoing costs to run your new home, like insurance, property taxes, utilities, and regular maintenance.

What not to do before your mortgage closes

Once your mortgage approval is in place, it’s important to keep your financial picture stable until closing. Even small changes can trigger a last-minute re-approval — or worse, a delay. Here’s what not to do before your mortgage closes:

  • Don’t apply for new credit (credit cards, car loans, “buy now, pay later” plans).
  • Don’t make large purchases that reduce your savings or increase debt.
  • Don’t change jobs or income sources without talking to your broker first.
  • Don’t move money around without clear documentation of its source.
  • Don’t co-sign for anyone else’s loan — it can impact your own qualification.
  • Don’t skip payments or let any bills go overdue.

Your lender may re-check your credit and employment right before closing. Keeping your finances steady ensures a smooth, stress-free closing day.